Tag Archives: fiduciary

Fraudsters’ Latest Target: The Already Defrauded – NY Times

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2016-02-16_11-43-30

The below is a link to a good article in the NY Times, fraudsters target the already defrauded by promising to recover their originally lost money for a fee and then doing little or nothing to recover the originally lost money – clearly preying on the already victims. Strong people who are good need to take action – stay regularly in touch with the elder, in person if possible, really talk about and share things that are happening in the elder’s life, and consider helping or taking control over finances [you might legally be required to], but while leaving the elder with freedoms and self-respect. These are difficult situations. Call me if you have a situation where legal help is needed – (415) 917-4030 – San Francisco Bay Area and throughout California. For the article CLICK HERE.
Best,
Dave Tate, Esq., Trust/Estate Blog: http://californiaestatetrust.com, Website: http://tateattorney.com.

California Trustee Discretionary Powers – Video

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California Trustee Discretionary Powers – see the video immediately below, and the primary text for the video at the bottom of this post. Thank you. Please pass this information to other people who would be interested. Dave Tate

Text: California Trustee Discretionary Powers

Hello, I’m Dave Tate. I am a San Francisco litigation attorney and I handle cases throughout California in trust, estate, conservatorship, elder abuse and civil litigation, and I also represent fiduciaries and beneficiaries in administrations.

This discussion is about trustee discretionary powers. You can find additional information on my blog at http://californiaestatetrust.com.

A trust will typically contain provisions that give the trustee discretionary powers, that is, the power to use his or her own judgment in specific circumstances. The courts will strictly construe the amount of the discretion from the language in the trust document and the intent of the trustor.

Be cautious, however—and this is important, even if the trust provides sole, absolute or uncontrolled discretion, courts still require the trustee to act within the fiduciary standards, to not self-deal, and to not act in bad faith or in disregard of the purposes and interests of the trust and of the beneficiaries. You can refer to Probate Code §§16080-81.

In other words, if the issue of a trustee’s discretion is presented to the court, the judge will make a determination based on his or her own evaluation of the trust, the trustor’s intent, and the circumstances at issue.

Unless limited by the terms of the trust, the trustee will also have other statutory powers. You should review the powers and limitations specified in the trust document, and also the powers listed at Probate Code §§16200-16249. These sections are important – however, they are too detailed to include in this discussion.

That’s it for now. There are of course other cases and statutes that can apply, and the facts of each situation are different. This discussion doesn’t constitute legal advice. You need to consult a lawyer or professional for your situation. You can find more information on my blog at http://californiaestatetrust.com. Thanks for listening.

Dave Tate, Esq. (San Francisco / California)

California Trustee Investment Portfolio Risk Management and Responsibilities, Elder Abuse, Etc.

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The following are links to posts discussing California trustee investment risk management and responsibilities. This is one of the trustee responsibility areas that would keep me up at night if as a trustee I had responsibility over a significant investment portfolio. But the issue doesn’t stop there – it isn’t just a matter of having a prudent portfolio approach to investing, the California Probate Code also contains other specific statutory investment related provisions that the trustee should consider. Stock markets go up and down – for every buyer there is a seller – a loss in value by itself doesn’t necessarily mean that the trustee breached his or her duties – and risk of adverse events cannot be eliminated, but a trustee should want feel covered to the extent possible. The following are links to blog posts discussing these topics.

The Stock Market Dropped Today – Trustee Portfolio Investment Strategy Risk Management – Very Relevant Now and Always, http://wp.me/p1wbl8-cM

California Trustee Investment and Management Responsibilities (Part 2 of 2), http://wp.me/p1wbl8-9c

California Trustee Investment and Management Responsibilities (Part 1 of 2), http://wp.me/p1wbl8-97

See Discussion Paper – A Summary of California Trustee and Beneficiary Responsibilities and Rights, http://wp.me/p1wbl8-eB

California Trustee – What Would Keep Me Up At Night – February 2015, http://wp.me/p1wbl8-ak 

And for those of you who are interested in undue influence, mental capacity and consent, elder abuse and related topics, here’s a link to some presentation slides – Updated Elder Abuse and Protection Presentation Slides – Please Read and Forward, http://wp.me/p1wbl8-dm

Dave Tate, Esq. (San Francisco and California), http://californiaestatetrust.com and http://auditcommitteeupdate.com, including Tate’s Excellent Audit Committee Guide (updated January 2016, 183 pages)

The purpose of this blog – to inform and educate, and personally connect with people who need legal help with trust, estate, conservatorship, power of attorney, and elder and dependent adult abuse litigation, and administrations

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This year in 2016, I’m taking a more specific, targeted, pragmatic and personal approach to my two blogs – and a view toward what’s the goal; what’s working; what isn’t working; ROI; what are the options; what to change, improve and stop; and are we taking a too long-term or short-term view with the approach? I have used the word “personal” twice, in the heading and in the body of this post – “personal” is a definite goal. This really isn’t rocket science – but it’s just good to keep in mind. Have a good day.

Best. Dave Tate, Esq. (San Francisco/California)

 

Our Elder and Dependent Adult Abuse Prevention and Remedies Are Ridiculously Inadequate and Archaic – Insufficient Resources and Boots on the Ground, and No Collaboration

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Let’s talk more about elder and dependent adult abuse and protection, and why we are failing in California. Prevention and remedies are ridiculously inadequate and archaic, particularly taking into account the numbers of cases of abuse.

I first started bringing elder and dependent adult abuse cases in 1993. My cases were primarily for physical, care, mental, undue influence, duress, fraud, financial, theft, real property, trust, and will abuse. I have to say that the more that things change they also stay the same. The same types of abuse still occur, and they always will. The cases were difficult then, and they still are. These cases take time and expertise. There is often difficulty obtaining evidence. And defendants really fight these cases, always arguing that nothing wrongful occurred, that the victim rightfully knew what they were doing and of their own free will, and in physical abuse cases that the injury naturally occurred due to the victim’s naturally poor condition. In other words, everything was known and on the up-and-up. Defendants in these cases count on the prospect that you will have difficulty proving the case, and that you will go away eventually for lack of resources and time. Nothing has really changed.

We should ask, what resources are available to fight elder and dependent adult abuse?  The first line of prevention and defense includes good people who are family, friends, professionals such as doctors, bankers, caregivers, accountants and financial advisors, and sometimes other third parties. Will these people recognize the possible or actual abuse, and then also take action? Do they even know what action might be possible and who to contact?  If so, most likely only to a certain limited extent.

The next line of defense probably includes law enforcement, adult protective services and the district attorney. Most likely these people only get involved because someone in the first line of defense has contacted them. I have previously discussed the inadequacy of the second line of defense – they simply do not have the time and people power and resources to handle the numbers of possible or actual abuse cases, or to stick with the cases long-term. They can pick some cases to attempt to handle.

I would say that the third line of defense includes the private attorneys. There are resources in this category that are under utilized, at least in part because people in the first category don’t know who to contact, people in the second category don’t know who to contact and aren’t authorized to contact or won’t contact people in the third line of defense, and it is also true that private attorneys also have resources and abilities that are not unlimited and each case must also be evaluated.

Improvements can be made to the situations described above. In particular, problems and issues relating to people in the first category, the first line of prevention and defense, can be improved by getting the information out so that they can better spot abuse or possible abuse and take action. Problems and issues relating to people in the second category, the second line of defense, can be improved with additional funding or monetary resources, and by having people in the second line of defense refer people or cases to the private attorneys in the third category or third line of defense.  And efforts can be made to further educate attorneys in the third line of defense about the procedures, causes of action, and remedies that are available to them. Similarly, additional effort needs to be made to educate the courts, judges, and other legal system professionals about types of abuse, evidence that abuse has occurred, and the procedures, causes of action and remedies available.

And let me discuss one additional program, the ombudsman program, which every county in California is supposed to have, and the members/volunteers of which go into the nursing homes (SNF) and residential care facilities (RCFE) and similar entities to check on the care provided and advocate on behalf of the residents. I’m a board member of Ombudsman Services of San Mateo County, California. This is a tremendous nonprofit organization. They do great work. Ombudsman Services organizations do vary from county to county – they are run different, they have different funding, they have different numbers of volunteers, they have different training, they have different decision-making processes, and some are county-run whereas other’s are separate nonprofit entities, etc. Here is a link to Ombudsman Services of San Mateo County, http://ossmc.org/. I ask that you also donate to them if you wish.

That’s all for now. These cases really haven’t changed for over 20 years, in my experience. You might hear a commercial about reporting elder abuse, and those commercials are important, but it is really about having numbers of boots on the ground that make a difference. If the boots and referrals aren’t there, nothing will be done or remedied, and it goes on and on.

Dave Tate, Esq., San Francisco and throughout California, http://californiaestatetrust.com

 

From Trusts & Estates – Safeguarding Trusts from Future Ex-Spouse – Also Good Marketing for Estate Planning Attorneys

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Trusts & Estates article Safeguard Trusts from Future Ex-Spouse of Beneficiary

This is a very interesting article from Trusts & Estates that I almost overlooked. It isn’t the Massachusetts case discussion that interests me, it is that I never hear estate planning attorneys discussing these topics and using these topics to tell people additional reasons why they might need a trust and how trusts can be used, and to differentiate one estate planning attorney’s services from another. Click on the following link for the article, CLICK HERE

Dave Tate, Esq., civil (business, real estate, injury), trust, estate, conservatorship and elder abuse litigation and contentious administrations, representing fiduciaries, beneficiaries and family members, San Francisco and throughout California. See also my other blog for audit committees, http://auditcommitteeupdate.com

Probate Court Judges Need More Judiciary Education From The California Judicial Council

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I can say this – absolutely. California judges need more, and more detailed, education about probate, wills, trusts, decedent’s intent, mental capacity, undue influence, fraud, conservatorships and elder and dependent adult abuse.

I’m not saying that all judges need more education – some are quite experienced in these areas – but over the past several years I have been running into situations where judges who primarily handle civil or criminal matters are also assigned probate related cases. And this can happen in any court for trial purposes because even in courts that have dedicated probate departments, the trial of a probate case that will take longer than a day will probably be assigned to the master calendar for trial and judicial assignment. I’m not faulting a judge for not having experience in these areas – I am faulting the system and the judiciary education system.

While, yes, it can be argued that it is then for the attorneys to educate that judge, if I’m a judge and one attorney is saying that the law and the required outcome are “X” and another attorney is saying that the law and the outcome are “Y,” as the judge I don’t know who to believe. And add to that the fact that probate, wills, trusts, intent, mental capacity, undue influence, fraud, conservatorships and elder and dependent adult cases and evidence are detailed and complicated, including the law in those areas, which is also regularly changing, and you have a recipe for erroneous decisions, and also opportunities for less than honest counsel to exceed the bounds of advocacy and improperly twist or spin the law and the evidence.

These are important cases. They are the probate court version of family law – important issues, very emotional, and people related and impacting.

Dave Tate, Esq. (San Francisco and California) http://californiaestatetrust.com and http://directorofficernews.com

 

 

Elder Abusers Use The Legal System Also

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You might be surprised that elder abusers aren’t necessarily worried or scared of the legal system.

In my experience, most abusers as a personality trait believe that they can get away with the abuse because they believe that other people are stupid, or that they simply won’t be caught, or that other people won’t make the effort or don’t have the time and resources to stop them.

You might also be surprised to know that elder abusers use or try to use the legal system to help them commit the abuse. Here are a few of the ways that I have seen.

-The abuser calls the police and complains that other people, the good people, are abusing, or mistreating, stealing from, or unduly influencing the elder. The abuser tries to turn the tables on the good people so that the abuser can then have the elder victim alone.

-Similarly, the abuser calls adult protective services and complains that the good people are mistreating or stealing from the elder.

-Another example, the abuser obtains an attorney who will draft a will, or trust, or power of attorney for the elder naming the abuser, and the attorney does not understand or sufficiently care about his or her ethical and legal obligations to the elder who is the attorney’s client.

-Or the abuser files a contest of the elder’s will or trust documents.

-Except in situations of immediate theft, typically the abuser works at this for a continuous period of time taking small steps forward, influencing the elder against the good people and eventually getting the assets, documents or evidence that help the abuser.

And in another example, the abuser promises the elder victim something that the elder wants, something that will make the elder happy, such as . . . “if you sign the power of attorney I will be able to take you home,” even when it’s clear that medically or for daily care the elder should stay in the nursing home.

The list goes on. These are cases that are difficult and time consuming, and can be expensive to prosecute – it takes good people to take action.

* * * * *

 

San Mateo County’s New Elder and Dependent Adult Protection Team – The Good and the Insufficient

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You may have heard that the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors this month passed a resolution funding the Elder and Dependent Adult Protection Team “EDAPT” (also sometimes known as or similar to “FAST” or “Financial Abuse Specialist Team” in other counties such as Los Angeles) for two years from the County’s Measure A funding. The initiative is funded with approximately $3.13 million taxpayer dollars over two years with the funding to begin July 1, 2015 and will run through June 2017. Click here for the link. The comments in this blog are my own. As you may know, I have handled trust, estate, conservatorship and elder abuse litigation cases for over 20 years. I have become a bit more expressive or activist in my comments. These comments are not criticisms of anyone who is trying to combat elder and dependent adult abuse. But the fact is that resources are inadequate to identify and then to stop and remedy abuse. And although resources will always be inadequate, one resource, private attorneys, is entirely or almost entirely unutilized in this battle. Until entities that receive reports of abuse arrange for a procedure to refer cases to private attorneys there is absolutely no way that those agencies, including Adult Protective Services (APS), the District Attorney, the police, county counsel, etc. can come close to protecting the abused and remedying the damages that they suffer. In fact, the link above seems to indicate that the new EDAPT initiative is primarily a community educational program, which does not involve legal or court system remedies.

Let me provide you with a quick example that should help to explain the situation and the grossly inadequate resources. The Link above states “Research shows that for every one case of older adult abuse [note that this apparently does not include dependent adult abuse] that is reported – there are another 24 that go unreported.”  The link also states “Reports of older adult abuse have been on the rise as the county’s older adult population continues to grow – which is estimated to grow by over 70% by 2030.” I don’t know how many incidents of abuse Adult Protective Services receives in an average month in San Mateo County – maybe one of my readers will respond with the average monthly number. Let’s just say that in an average month APS receives 30 reports of elder or older adult abuse (again, we are not even counting the additional cases of dependent adult abuse reporting). I suspect that the reports exceed 30 per month; however, if research indicates that for every report of older abuse there are another 24 that go unreported, that would be 30 x 25, or 750 incidents of adult abuse in an average month. Do you know how much time and effort it takes to stop and then remedy just one case of elder abuse through the court system? Well . . . that number does vary from case to case, but I can tell you that based on my experience in my cases, the number of hours is huge and the time (i.e., months or even years) that it can take also can be staggering. I can also fully confirm that abusers actively fight legal actions that are brought against them. They know or believe that resources are limited and inadequate, and that they might stand a reasonable chance of beating the system.

The new initiative is for two years, at an average funding of roughly $1.5 million per year. The funding started July 1, 2015, so we already have 3 months done in the first year of the initiative. I have been looking for a detailed two-year plan for the initiative – perhaps one of my readers can tell me where I can find that plan. I have written and videoed about this topic before, and the inadequate resources. Again, I fully support the efforts of everyone who is fighting elder and dependent adult abuse, but let me say that resources are inadequate, and you really, really need to bring vetted private attorneys into the effort through referrals or by whatever means makes the report receiving agencies (i.e., APS, etc.) comfortable.

Best, Dave Tate, Esq. (and licensed inactive CPA), San Mateo County, San Francisco Bay Area, and throughout California

Elder Abuse In Australia On The Rise – Government Makes A $100 Million Pledge

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Click on the following link for an article out of Australia, elder abuse is domestic violence and is on the rise – the government makes a $100 million pledge: Click Here For The Article

AU Elder Abuse Article